ARXO-2026-0440 · Reported

Rome I, six versions: does Article 7(3) limit the choice for mass risks to the law of a Member State?

In points (a) and (c) of Article 7(3) most versions limit the choice for mass-risk insurance to the law of a Member State. The Slovak, Dutch and Finnish texts of point (a) and the Swedish, Estonian and Slovenian texts of point (c) speak of a country or state.

Consequence

Read alone, these texts allow the choice of the law of a third country for a mass risk.

Proposed correction

The lawyer-linguists could say whether the wording should be aligned with the other versions: say Member State in the six versions, as in the others.

Jurisdiction: European Union — European Union
Act: Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I)
Place: Article 7(3), points (a) and (c), Slovak, Dutch, Finnish, Swedish, Estonian and Slovenian versions
Record: Question of reading or data
Class: Question of reading or data
Where it arose: A language version
Arxo's conclusion: Confirmed
Official text: Unchanged at last check
Last checked: 2026-10-31

Evidence

Pair of quotations. Quotations are verbatim from the official material; translations are ours and marked.

ktorejkoľvek krajiny
Our translation (English): of any country

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Slovak version · Article 7(3)(a) (Slovak) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 1832109477f6a976318facabc052182a03a4614ffd3eb0b0a74436f64290ce74 · copy

het land
Our translation (English): the country

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Dutch version · Article 7(3)(a) (Dutch) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 aa80a60c28e2ed5a9af7baf74b6efb039cf8860eb68a86344438ffb9342572f3 · copy

sen valtion
Our translation (English): of the state

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Finnish version · Article 7(3)(a) (Finnish) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 f24dd6f25e37b7d3d133ccccd8659b6d6ba8607d0720c9f99b692080fda94d16 · copy

lagen i det land
Our translation (English): the law of the country

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Swedish version · Article 7(3)(c) (Swedish) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 c3c0eda5c83bb5d578b107b48899ac5d9e0d157f801ed737cf274af9108d88d0 · copy

selle riigi õiguse
Our translation (English): the law of the state

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Estonian version · Article 7(3)(c) (Estonian) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 63523e7649f28b3f14c9d623feac1b45c07f32062a46f4ebb3185ac0989cb71c · copy

pravo države
Our translation (English): the law of the state

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Slovenian version · Article 7(3)(c) (Slovenian) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 105a90b5015f11e393ecf13785ba143eb7892fb73ea7ca492ac8fdfd747e3309 · copy

How to check it without Arxo's tools

Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Slovak version and find Article 7(3)(a) (Slovak). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: 1832109477f6a976-slk.xhtml (SHA-256 1832109477f6a976318facabc052182a03a4614ffd3eb0b0a74436f64290ce74, copy of the official file).
Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Dutch version and find Article 7(3)(a) (Dutch). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: aa80a60c28e2ed5a-nld.xhtml (SHA-256 aa80a60c28e2ed5a9af7baf74b6efb039cf8860eb68a86344438ffb9342572f3, copy of the official file).
Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Finnish version and find Article 7(3)(a) (Finnish). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: f24dd6f25e37b7d3-fin.xhtml (SHA-256 f24dd6f25e37b7d3d133ccccd8659b6d6ba8607d0720c9f99b692080fda94d16, copy of the official file).
Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Swedish version and find Article 7(3)(c) (Swedish). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: c3c0eda5c83bb5d5-swe.xhtml (SHA-256 c3c0eda5c83bb5d578b107b48899ac5d9e0d157f801ed737cf274af9108d88d0, copy of the official file).
Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Estonian version and find Article 7(3)(c) (Estonian). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: 63523e7649f28b3f-est.xhtml (SHA-256 63523e7649f28b3f14c9d623feac1b45c07f32062a46f4ebb3185ac0989cb71c, copy of the official file).
Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Slovenian version and find Article 7(3)(c) (Slovenian). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: 105a90b5015f11e3-slv.xhtml (SHA-256 105a90b5015f11e393ecf13785ba143eb7892fb73ea7ca492ac8fdfd747e3309, copy of the official file).
The finding holds if the quoted passages read as shown and the comparison gives the result stated at the top of this page. If it does not, write to us with the record ID.

How this finding was made

AI models helped read and compare the texts and review the draft letters.

Responsible institutions

Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislation — lawyer-linguists of the co-legislator; corrigendum procedure
European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Acts — lawyer-linguists of the co-legislator; corrigendum procedure

Reported to

Date	Institution	Channel	Reference
2026-10-31	Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislation	e-mail	Message-ID: <CAH-SH70ZbQP3i+XHyoG_2YvrdzeuSRWyOqzu9hnEYRN0Wq-YyA@mail.gmail.com>
2026-10-31	European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Acts	e-mail	Message-ID: <CAH-SH73wRJpLRgo=g--ww+78cgCogZyxROz8dJX0vAD8VFp6ug@mail.gmail.com>

Date

Institution

Channel

Reference

2026-10-31

Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislation

e-mail

Message-ID: <CAH-SH70ZbQP3i+XHyoG_2YvrdzeuSRWyOqzu9hnEYRN0Wq-YyA@mail.gmail.com>

2026-10-31

European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Acts

e-mail

Message-ID: <CAH-SH73wRJpLRgo=g--ww+78cgCogZyxROz8dJX0vAD8VFp6ug@mail.gmail.com>

Responses

No response recorded.

History

2026-10-31Confirmed by Arxo
2026-10-31Entered in the register
2026-10-31Reported to Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislation (e-mail)
2026-10-31Reported to European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Acts (e-mail)

et

Rooma I, kuus keeleversiooni: kas artikli 7 lõige 3 piirab massriskide puhul valikut liikmesriigi õigusega?

Artikli 7 lõike 3 punktides a ja c piirab enamik versioone massriskide kindlustuse puhul valikut liikmesriigi õigusega. Slovaki, hollandi ja soome tekst punktis a ning rootsi, eesti ja sloveeni tekst punktis c kasutavad liikmesriigi asemel maad või riiki tähistavat sõna.

Consequence

Eraldi lugedes lubavad need tekstid massriski puhul valida kolmanda riigi õiguse.

Proposed correction

Juristlingvistid võiksid öelda, kas sõnastus tuleks viia kooskõlla teiste keeleversioonidega: kasutada kõigis kuues versioonis sõna „liikmesriik“, nagu teistes versioonides.

fi

Rooma I, kuusi kieliversiota: rajoittaako 7 artiklan 3 kohta massariskien osalta lakivalinnan jäsenvaltion lakiin?

Useimmat kieliversiot rajoittavat 7 artiklan 3 kohdan a ja c alakohdassa massariskien vakuutusten lakivalinnan jäsenvaltion lakiin. Slovakin-, hollannin- ja suomenkielinen teksti a alakohdassa sekä ruotsin-, viron- ja sloveeninkielinen teksti c alakohdassa puhuvat maasta tai valtiosta.

Consequence

Yksinään luettuina nämä tekstit sallivat kolmannen maan lain valitsemisen massariskin vakuuttamiseen.

Proposed correction

Lakimieslingvistit voisivat todeta, pitäisikö sanamuoto yhdenmukaistaa muiden kieliversioiden kanssa: käyttää kaikissa kuudessa kieliversiossa sanaa ”jäsenvaltio”, kuten muissa kieliversioissa.

nl

Rome I, zes versies: beperkt artikel 7, lid 3, de keuze voor massarisico's tot het recht van een lidstaat?

In artikel 7, lid 3, onder a) en c), beperken de meeste versies de keuze voor verzekering van massarisico's tot het recht van een lidstaat. De Slowaakse, Nederlandse en Finse tekst onder a) en de Zweedse, Estse en Sloveense tekst onder c) spreken van een land of staat.

Consequence

Op zichzelf gelezen staan deze teksten toe dat voor een massarisico het recht van een derde land wordt gekozen.

Proposed correction

De juristen-linguïsten zouden kunnen aangeven of de formulering in overeenstemming moet worden gebracht met de andere taalversies: in de zes versies „lidstaat” schrijven, zoals in de andere versies.

sk

Rím I, šesť jazykových znení: obmedzuje článok 7 ods. 3 voľbu pri hromadných rizikách na právny poriadok členského štátu?

V písmenách a) a c) článku 7 ods. 3 väčšina znení obmedzuje voľbu pri poistení hromadných rizík na právny poriadok členského štátu. Slovenské, holandské a fínske znenie písmena a) a švédske, estónske a slovinské znenie písmena c) hovoria o krajine alebo štáte.

Consequence

Ak sa čítajú samostatne, tieto znenia umožňujú pri hromadnom riziku zvoliť právny poriadok tretej krajiny.

Proposed correction

Právnici lingvisti by mohli posúdiť, či by sa znenie malo zosúladiť s ostatnými jazykovými zneniami: uviesť v šiestich zneniach „členský štát“, ako v ostatných zneniach.

sl

Rim I, šest jezikovnih različic: ali člen 7(3) omejuje izbiro pri zavarovanju nevarnosti, ki niso velike, na pravo države članice?

V točkah (a) in (c) člena 7(3) večina različic omejuje izbiro pri zavarovanju nevarnosti, ki niso velike, na pravo države članice. Slovaško, nizozemsko in finsko besedilo točke (a) ter švedsko, estonsko in slovensko besedilo točke (c) govorijo o državi, ne da bi jo opredelili kot državo članico.

Consequence

Če se berejo sama zase, ta besedila dopuščajo izbiro prava tretje države za zavarovanje nevarnosti, ki ni velika.

Proposed correction

Pravniki lingvisti bi lahko povedali, ali bi bilo treba besedilo uskladiti z drugimi jezikovnimi različicami: v šestih različicah zapisati „država članica“, kot v drugih različicah.

sv

Rom I, sex språkversioner: begränsar artikel 7.3 valet för massrisker till lagen i en medlemsstat?

I artikel 7.3 a och c begränsar de flesta versioner valet för försäkring av massrisker till lagen i en medlemsstat. Den slovakiska, nederländska och finska texten i led a och den svenska, estniska och slovenska texten i led c talar om ett land eller en stat.

Consequence

Lästa för sig tillåter dessa texter att lagen i ett tredjeland väljs för en massrisk.

Proposed correction

Juristlingvisterna skulle kunna säga om lydelsen bör anpassas till de andra språkversionerna: skriva ”medlemsstat” i de sex versionerna, som i de övriga.

Cite this record

Arxo Law, Arxo Findings Register, ARXO-2026-0440, https://arxo.io/findings/ARXO-2026-0440/ (status as of 2026-10-31). Data: ARXO-2026-0440.json.