Arxo Findings Register · Arxo Law

ARXO-2026-0439 · Reported

Rome I, Latvian and Estonian versions: does the escape clause for large-risk insurance require a clear and manifest closer connection?

The other versions require that it is clear from all the circumstances that the contract is manifestly more closely connected with another country. The Latvian text has no word for clear or manifestly; the Estonian text keeps clearly but not manifestly.

Consequence

A weaker connection is enough to leave the insurer's law under the Latvian and Estonian texts.

Proposed correction

The lawyer-linguists could say whether the wording should be aligned with the other versions: align Latvian and Estonian Article 7(2), second subparagraph, with the other versions.

Jurisdiction
European Union — European Union
Act
Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I)
Place
Article 7(2), second subparagraph, Latvian and Estonian versions
Record
Question of reading or data
Class
Question of reading or data
Where it arose
A language version
Arxo's conclusion
Confirmed
Official text
Unchanged at last check
Last checked
2026-10-31

Evidence

Pair of quotations. Quotations are verbatim from the official material; translations are ours and marked.

Ja lietas apstākļu kopums liecina, ka līgums ir ciešāk saistīts

Our translation (English): if the circumstances as a whole show that the contract is more closely connected

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Latvian version · Article 7(2), second subparagraph (Latvian) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 d0028ccd5870f14af9cf33ce94867522f4fd1ff02a93a64ce0dd1070e6964fa5 · copy
ilmneb selgelt, et leping on tihedamalt seotud

Our translation (English): it clearly appears that the contract is more closely connected

Language version · Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Estonian version · Article 7(2), second subparagraph (Estonian) · published · retrieved 2026-10-31 · SHA-256 63523e7649f28b3f14c9d623feac1b45c07f32062a46f4ebb3185ac0989cb71c · copy

How to check it without Arxo's tools

  1. Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Latvian version and find Article 7(2), second subparagraph (Latvian). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: d0028ccd5870f14a-lav.xhtml (SHA-256 d0028ccd5870f14af9cf33ce94867522f4fd1ff02a93a64ce0dd1070e6964fa5, copy of the official file).
  2. Open Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 (Rome I), Official Journal, Estonian version and find Article 7(2), second subparagraph (Estonian). Compare the text with the quotation above. A copy is kept in this register: 63523e7649f28b3f-est.xhtml (SHA-256 63523e7649f28b3f14c9d623feac1b45c07f32062a46f4ebb3185ac0989cb71c, copy of the official file).
  3. The finding holds if the quoted passages read as shown and the comparison gives the result stated at the top of this page. If it does not, write to us with the record ID.

How this finding was made

AI models helped read and compare the texts and review the draft letters.

Responsible institutions

Reported to

DateInstitutionChannelReference
2026-10-31Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislatione-mailMessage-ID: <CAH-SH70ZbQP3i+XHyoG_2YvrdzeuSRWyOqzu9hnEYRN0Wq-YyA@mail.gmail.com>
2026-10-31European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Actse-mailMessage-ID: <CAH-SH73wRJpLRgo=g--ww+78cgCogZyxROz8dJX0vAD8VFp6ug@mail.gmail.com>

Responses

No response recorded.

History

  1. 2026-10-31Confirmed by Arxo
  2. 2026-10-31Entered in the register
  3. 2026-10-31Reported to Council of the European Union, General Secretariat, Directorate for Quality of Legislation (e-mail)
  4. 2026-10-31Reported to European Parliament, Directorate for Legislative Acts (e-mail)

et

Rooma I, läti ja eesti keeleversioon: kas suuri riske katvate kindlustuslepingute erandiklausli kohaldamiseks peab selgelt ilmnema, et leping on ilmselgelt tihedamalt seotud teise riigiga?

Teised versioonid nõuavad, et kõikidest asjaoludest ilmneks selgelt, et leping on ilmselgelt tihedamalt seotud mõne teise riigiga. Läti tekstis puudub sõna, mis vastaks sõnadele selgelt või ilmselgelt; eesti tekstis on säilinud sõna „selgelt“, kuid mitte ilmselgelt („ilmneb selgelt, et leping on tihedamalt seotud“).

Consequence

Läti ja eesti teksti järgi piisab nõrgemast seosest, et kindlustusandja riigi õigus kõrvale jätta.

Proposed correction

Juristlingvistid võiksid öelda, kas sõnastus tuleks viia kooskõlla teiste keeleversioonidega: viia läti ja eesti teksti artikli 7 lõike 2 teine lõik kooskõlla teiste versioonidega.

lv

Roma I, latviešu un igauņu valodas versija: vai izņēmuma klauzula par lielu risku apdrošināšanu prasa, lai būtu skaidrs, ka līgums ir acīmredzami ciešāk saistīts ar citu valsti?

Pārējās versijas prasa, lai no visiem lietas apstākļiem būtu skaidrs, ka līgums ir acīmredzami ciešāk saistīts ar citu valsti. Latviešu tekstā nav vārda, kas atbilstu vārdiem skaidrs vai acīmredzami („Ja lietas apstākļu kopums liecina, ka līgums ir ciešāk saistīts“); igauņu tekstā ir saglabāts vārds skaidri, bet nav vārda acīmredzami.

Consequence

Saskaņā ar latviešu un igauņu tekstu pietiek ar vājāku saikni, lai atkāptos no apdrošinātāja valsts tiesību aktu piemērošanas.

Proposed correction

Juristi lingvisti varētu norādīt, vai formulējums būtu jāsaskaņo ar pārējām valodu versijām: saskaņot latviešu un igauņu teksta 7. panta 2. punkta otro daļu ar pārējām versijām.

Cite this record

Arxo Law, Arxo Findings Register, ARXO-2026-0439, https://arxo.io/findings/ARXO-2026-0439/ (status as of 2026-10-31). Data: ARXO-2026-0439.json.